The Program on Energy and Sustainable Development is part of the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies.
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Financing the Energy Transition in a Low-Cost Intermittent Renewables Environment
Wind and solar in Africa need grids to match
Transformation of the Peruvian Wholesale Electricity Market
Market Power Mitigation Mechanisms for Wholesale Electricity Markets: Status Quo and Challenges
What Kinds of Distributed Generation Technologies Defer Network Expansions? Evidence from France
Cross‐border electricity trade in the Bangladesh–Bhutan–India– Nepal (BBIN) Region: A cost-based market perspective
Long-Term Resource Adequacy in Wholesale Electricity Markets With Significant Intermittent Renewables
Why federal regulation is not the answer
Quantifying the Benefi ts of Nodal Market Design in the Texas Electricity Market
This study quantifies the economic and environmental impacts associated with the change from a zonal to nodal design in the Texas electricity market. To begin, we present a framework to understand the mechanisms that lead to inefficient outcomes under a zonal market model. Then, we estimate a semiparametric partially linear conditional mean function to quantify changes in selected market metrics for the same set of underlying system conditions after versus before the implementation of the nodal market design.
The Future of Electricity Retailing and How We Get There
Electricity retailing is at a crossroads. Technological change is eroding revenues from the traditional electricity retailing business model. However, many of these new technologies have the potential to create new products and revenue streams for electricity retailers. We assess the future of electricity retailing under two possible approaches by policymakers and regulators to addressing these challenges and new opportunities: a reactive approach and a forward-looking approach.
Market Design in a Zero Marginal Cost Intermittent Renewable Future
The basic features of an efficient short-term wholesale market design do not need to change to accommodate a significantly larger share of zero marginal cost intermittent renewable energy from wind and solar resources. A large share of controllable zero marginal cost generation does not create any additional market design challenge relative to a market with a large share of controllable positive marginal cost generation. In both instances, generation unit owners must recover their fixed costs from sales of energy, ancillary services, and long-term resource adequacy products.
Learning about Electricity Market Performance with a Large Share of Renewables from the COVID-19 Lock-Down
We show that the negative demand shock due to the COVID-19 lock-down has reduced net-demand system demand less the amount of energy produced by intermittent renewables and net imports that must be served by controllable generation units. Introducing additional intermittent renewable generation capacity will also reduce the net-demand, which implies the lock-down can provide insights about how electricity markets will perform with a large share of renewable generation capacity.
An Experimental Comparison of Carbon Pricing Under Uncertainty in Electricity Markets
We report on an economic experiment that compares outcomes in electricity markets subject to carbon-tax and cap-and-trade policies. Under conditions of uncertainty, price-based and quantity-based policy instruments cannot be truly equivalent, so we compared three matched carbon-tax/cap-and-trade pairs with equivalent emissions targets, mean emissions, and mean carbon prices, respectively.
Economic Policy Challenges Facing California's Next Governor: Electricity Policy Reform
Californians like to think of themselves as environmentally conscious and forward-thinking. The state’s energy and environmental policies reflect these sentiments. With the passage of SB 100, California has one of the nation’s most ambitious renewable energy goals for its electricity supply industry. The California Solar Initiative rebate program has led to more rooftop solar capacity in the state than the total rooftop solar capacity installed in the next eight highest-capacity states.
Breaking routine for energy savings: An appliance-level analysis of small business behavior under dynamic prices
Small businesses are typically committed to providing a positive customer experience and therefore may exhibit a response to dynamic electricity prices different from residential or industrial customers. We conduct a field experiment to determine the extent to which small businesses respond through re-configuration of typical routines throughout the experiment period versus through adjustments to specific dynamic pricing events.
Measuring the Ability to Exercise Unilateral Market Power in Locational-Pricing Markets: An Application to the Italian Electricity Market
An increasing number of wholesale electricity markets employ locational pricing mechanisms where energy prices account for some or all aspects of the transmission network configuration. A major concern of regulators is that suppliers may have the ability to exercise unilateral market power by impacting the extent to which transmission constraints bind. We extend the residual demand curve as a measure of the ability to exercise unilateral market power from a single price market to residual demand hypersurfaces in locational pricing markets.
Market Performance Assessment in Locational Markets with Non-Convexities
We extend the competitive benchmark pricing model of Borenstein et al. (2002) to locational-pricing markets. We further extent this model to account for transmission network security constraints as well as technical constraints on thermal power plants that introduce non-convexities in their operating cost functions. We apply both models to assess the performance of the Italian wholesale electricity market for the year 2018.
Retail Pricing in Colombia to Support the Efficient Deployment of Distributed Generation and Electric Vehicles
Electricity tariff reforms will be an essential part of the clean energy transition. Existing tariffs rely on average cost pricing and often set a price per unit that exceeds marginal cost. The higher price encourages over-adoption of residential solar panels and under-adoption of electric alternatives to fossil fuels. However, an efficient tariff based on fixed charges and marginal cost pricing may harm low-income households. We propose an alternative methodology for setting fixed charges based on the predicted willingness-to-pay of each household.
Promoting Energy Efficiency in Emerging Economies Through Consumer Education: Results From a Field Experiment in Mexico
Abstract
We report on the results of a field experiment in Puebla, Mexico that informed randomly-selected households facing a nonlinear price schedule about how different electricity-consuming actions might change their electricity bills.
Long-Term Resource Adequacy with Significant Intermittent Renewables
The electricity supply industry in a low-carbon world will have over 50 percent share of intermittent renewables. This large share of intermittent renewables will require investments in both grid-scale and distributed storage, active demand-side participation by customers, and automated distribution network monitoring and on-site load-shifting technologies. Market design should support business models that lead to adoption of these pricing policies and technologies.
Simplified Electricity Market Models with Significant Intermittent Renewable Capacity: Evidence from Italy
Using hourly offer curves for the Italian day-ahead market and the real-time re-dispatch market for the period January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018, we show how thermal generation unit owners attempt to profit from differences between a simplified day- ahead market design that ignores system security constraints as well as generation unit operating constraints, and real-time system operation where these constraints must be respected.
Locational Marginal Network Tariffs for Intermittent Renewable Generation
The variability of solar and wind generation increases transmission network operating costs associated with maintaining system stability. These ancillary services costs are likely to increase as a share of total energy costs in regions with ambitious renewable energy targets. We examine how ecient deployment of intermittent renewable generation capacity across locations depends on the costs of balancing real-time system demand and supply.
Wholesale Electricity Market Design
Wholesale electricity market design requires an explicit regulatory process to set the market rules for compensating and charging market participants for their actions. This has led to market designs tailored to the initial conditions in the industry and the political forces driving the restructuring process in that region. The experience of the past 25 years with wholesale market design has led to increasing standardization, particularly within the United States and within Europe. This paper identifies the key features of successful electricity market designs.
Transmission Planning and Operation in the Wholesale Market Regime
The different incentives generation unit owners face for locating and operating their units in the wholesale market regime versus the vertically-integrated monopoly regime has wide-ranging implications for the design and operation of the transmission network in the two regimes. This logic implies different measures of grid reliability in the two regimes—engineering reliability in the vertically-integrated monopoly regime and economic reliability in the wholesale market regimes.